Reaction Kinetics of Levulinic Acid Synthesis from Glucose Using Bronsted Acid Catalyst

Glucose is one of the primary derivative products from lignocellulosic biomass, which abundantly available. has excellent potential to be converted into valuable compounds such as ethanol, sorbitol, gluconic acid, and levulinic acid (LA). Levulinic an exceptionally promising green platform chemical. It comprises two functional groups, ketone carboxylate, acting highly reactive electrophiles for a nucleophilic attack. Therefore, it extensive applications, including fuel additives, raw materials pharmaceutical industry, cosmetics. This study reports reaction kinetics LA synthesis glucose catalyzed by hydrochloric (HCl), Bronsted that was carried out under wide range operating conditions; i.e. temperature 140–180 °C, catalyst concentration 0.5–1.5 M, initial 0.1–0.5 M. The highest yield 48.34 % able obtained 0.1 M using 1 HCl at 180 °C. experimental results show acid-catalyzed pathway consists decomposition levoglucosan (LG), conversion LG 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), rehydration HMF LA. data yields good fitting assuming first-order model. Copyright © 2021 Authors, Published BCREC Group. open access article CC BY-SA License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0).